Smoothelin (R4A) Mouse Monoclonal Antibody
Specialties: Genitourinary (GU) Pathology
Smoothelin is a constituent of the smooth muscle cell cytoskeleton protein exclusively found in differentiated smooth muscle cells (SMC). Cells with SMC-like characteristics, such as myofibroblasts and myoepithelial cells, as well as skeletal and cardiac muscle do not contain smoothelin.1,2 To distinguish bladder muscularis mucosae (MM) from muscularis propria (MP) muscle bundles is crucial for accurate staging of bladder carcinoma. Strong smoothelin expression is nearly exclusively observed in muscularis propria. Therefore, the staining pattern of MP (strongly positive) and MM (negative or weakly positive) makes this technique an attractive diagnostic tool for the sometimes difficult task of staging bladder urothelial carcinoma, such as in transurethral resection specimens of urinary bladder tumors.3-8 Differentiating between smooth muscle tumors and other mesenchymal neoplasms of the GI tract can be challenging in small biopsies. Anti-smoothelin immunostaining can be helpful in differentiating benign (+) from malignant smooth muscle tumors (-), and other mimics(-).9
- Krämer J, et al. A novel isoform of the smooth muscle cell differentiation marker smoothelin. J Mol Med. 1999; 77:294-8.
- van der Loop FT, et al. Smoothelin, a novel cytoskeletal protein specific for smooth muscle cells. J Cell Biol. 1996; 134:401-11.
- Maake C, et al. Expression of smoothelin in the normal and the overactive human bladder. J Urol. 2006; 175:1152-7.
- Jimenez RE, et al. pT1 urothelial carcinoma of the bladder: criteria for diagnosis, pitfalls, and clinical implications. Adv Anat Pathol. 2000; 7:13-25.
- Kuijpers KA, et al. Cadherin-11 is expressed in detrusor smooth muscle cells and myofibroblasts of normal human bladder. Eur Urol. 2007; 52:1213-21.
- Paner GP, et al. Diagnostic utility of antibody to smoothelin in the distinction of muscularis propria from muscularis mucosae of the urinary bladder: a potential ancillary tool in the pathologic staging of invasive urothelial carcinoma. Am J Surg Pathol. 2009; 33:91-8.
- Paner GP, et al. Diagnostic use of antibody to smoothelin in the recognition of muscularis propria in transurethral resection of urinary bladder tumor (TURBT) specimens. Am J Surg Pathol. 2010; 34:792-9.
- Council L, et al. Differential expression of immunohistochemical markers in bladder smooth muscle and myofibroblasts, and the potential utility of desmin, smoothelin, and vimentin in staging of bladder carcinoma. Mod Pathol. 2009; 22:639-50.
- Coco DP, et al. Smoothelin is a specific marker for smooth muscle neoplasms of the gastrointestinal tract. Am J Surg Pathol. 2009; 33:1795-801.
Specifications
- Reactivity: paraffin
- Control: Bladder (Cytoplasmic)
- Dilution Range: 1:100-1:500 *
Package Inserts
IFU
- IVD Rev. 1.0 (CMC37721010)
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Ordering Information
For in vitro diagnostic (IVD) use in USA
| 0.1 mL concentrate | 377M-14 |
| 0.5 mL concentrate | 377M-15 |
| 1.0 mL concentrate | 377M-16 |
| 1.0 mL predilute ready-to-use | 377M-17 |
| 7.0 mL predilute ready-to-use | 377M-18 |
For in vitro diagnostic (IVD) use in Canada
| 0.1 mL concentrate | 377M-14 |
| 0.5 mL concentrate | 377M-15 |
| 1.0 mL concentrate | 377M-16 |
| 1.0 mL predilute ready-to-use | 377M-17 |
| 7.0 mL predilute ready-to-use | 377M-18 |
For in vitro diagnostic (IVD) use in Europe
| 0.1 mL concentrate | 377M-14 |
| 0.5 mL concentrate | 377M-15 |
| 1.0 mL concentrate | 377M-16 |
| 1.0 mL predilute ready-to-use | 377M-17 |
| 7.0 mL predilute ready-to-use | 377M-18 |
For research use only (RUO) in Japan
| 0.1 mL concentrate (RUO) | 377M-14-RUO |
| 0.5 mL concentrate (RUO) | 377M-15-RUO |
| 1.0 mL concentrate (RUO) | 377M-16-RUO |
| 1.0 mL predilute ready-to-use (RUO) | 377M-17-RUO |
| 7.0 mL predilute ready-to-use (RUO) | 377M-18-RUO |
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