Myelin Basic Protein (MBP) is an intracellular protein with a highly flexible structure found in myelin of the central and peripheral nervous systems (CNS, PNS). MBP is often post-translationally modified in various ways, which includes citrullination, N-terminal acylation, deamidation and phosphorylation. MBP is expressed in oligodendrocytes in the CNS and Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system. In the abnormal tissues, oligodendroglioma, considered to be derived from oligodendrocytes, highly expresses MBP. MBP has also been found in tumors of the nerve sheath, including schwannoma, neurofibroma, granular cell tumors and neurogenic sarcoma. Additionally, MBP is a sensitive marker for early human fetal myelination.